The Data Center Atlas

The American data center map, record by record

1,382mapped data center records

332Msquare feet of mapped buildings and campuses

21%of records in Virginia

155operators named in the record

222 to 1,870new campuses by 2035 in PNNL's four cases

176 TWhused by U.S. data centers in 2023, 4.4% of the nation's electricity

PNNL IM3 Open Source Data Center Atlas, version 2026.02.09, from OpenStreetMap; PNNL IM3 Projected US Data Center Locations, February 2026; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, December 2024.Settled fact

State by state

Pick a state

Tap any state for its records, mapped area, operators, largest sites, counties, planned power and the four 2035 cases.

PNNL IM3 Open Source Data Center Atlas v2026.02.09; PNNL projected locations, February 2026; U.S. EIA, EIA-860M, September 2026. State outlines: U.S. Census Bureau.Settled fact

Who runs them

Operators as contributors tagged them, name variants merged. 488 records, 35 percent, carry no operator name.

PNNL IM3 Open Source Data Center Atlas v2026.02.09, from OpenStreetMap.House compilation

How big the sites are

Records with an outline, by mapped area. Building outlines measure the roof; campus boundaries measure the land.

PNNL IM3 Open Source Data Center Atlas v2026.02.09.Settled fact

Where the next ones go, to 2035

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory sites new hyperscale campuses of about 1.08 million square feet each under four EPRI growth rates, ruling out land without a nearby substation, municipal water or high-speed fiber, and land that floods, slopes or is protected.

Low growth, 3.71% a year222new campuses; 52 in Virginia, 34 in Texas

Moderate growth, 5% a year328new campuses; 76 in Virginia, 49 in Texas

High growth, 10% a year909new campuses; 206 in Virginia, 133 in Texas

Higher growth, 15% a year1,870new campuses; 420 in Virginia, 270 in Texas

PNNL IM3 Projected US Data Center Locations, February 2026, 50 percent market gravity weight. Sites are regional representations of feasible locations, not specific projects.Indicative

The leading counties

County	State	Records	Mapped sq ft	Average sq ft

PNNL IM3 Open Source Data Center Atlas v2026.02.09. Top 60 of 250 counties.Settled fact

The largest mapped sites

SearchState

Site	Operator	State	County	Layer	Mapped sq ft

PNNL IM3 Open Source Data Center Atlas v2026.02.09, names as tagged in OpenStreetMap.Settled fact

How to read it

Existing records. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, IM3 Open Source Data Center Atlas, version 2026.02.09 (doi.org/10.57931/3017294). Data center locations from OpenStreetMap contributors, made available under the Open Database License. A crowd-sourced record: strong on large outlines, uneven on operator names, and silent on power draw and sites under construction.
Records and area. A record is a point, a building outline or a campus boundary. Where a campus and its buildings are both drawn, both count, so mapped area overlaps at some sites.
2035 cases. PNNL, IM3 Projected US Data Center Locations, February 2026 (doi.org/10.57931/3020186), CC BY 4.0. Growth rates of 3.71, 5, 10 and 15 percent a year from 2023 data center electricity demand, from EPRI (2024).
Power. U.S. Energy Information Administration, EIA-860M, September 2026 edition: all planned generation in each state, every stage.
National use. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2024 Report on U.S. Data Center Energy Use; EPRI, Powering Intelligence (2026): 9 to 17 percent of U.S. electricity by 2030.
Refresh. Rebuilt each quarter from the latest PNNL release.